A Study Comparing Oral Buprenorphine and Injectable Buprenorphine for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder

Inclusion Criteria:

   - Has used opioids within 30 days prior to consent or within 30 days prior to entry into
   a supervised setting -- e.g., opioid use within the 30 days prior to recent (<30 days)
   incarceration, entry into a detoxification facility, or entry into an inpatient
   hospital setting

   - Have started on MOUD via clinical induction on SL-BUP/NLX

   - Meets DSM-5 criteria for moderate to severe OUD based on the Mini-International
   Neuropsychiatric Interview

   - Referred to/seeking treatment for OUD and willing to accept "partial-agonist-based"
   therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

   - Is a Veteran less than 18 years of age

   - For Veterans of childbearing potential (a premenopausal person capable of becoming
   pregnant), pregnancy, breastfeeding, and/or failure to practice an effective method of
   birth control

   - Taking a form of prescribed maintenance MOUD (e.g., methadone, buprenorphine or
   XR-NTX) continuously >30 days prior to consent.

   - Taking a form of prescribed maintenance MOUD (e.g., methadone, buprenorphine or
   XR-NTX) continuously >45 days prior to randomization

   - Has a history of significant adverse effects from buprenorphine and/or naloxone

   - Has experienced (within the past 2 weeks) recent suicidal or homicidal ideation that
   requires acute treatment or hospitalization.

   - Is unwilling or unable to provide consent

   - Meets criteria for current (past month) DSM-5 severe sedative hypnotic use disorder
   based on the MINI SHUD module

   - Is determined unsuitable for study participation based on the clinical judgement of
   the LSI or Co-I given results of a CIWA-Ar, physical exam, and/or liver or kidney
   function tests and/or blood tests

   - Has any other medical, psychiatric, behavioral, or logistical condition which, in the
   judgement of the LSI or Co-I, makes it unlikely the participant can participate in or
   complete the 52-week active phase of the study

   - Is actively participating in an interventional clinical trial for which a waiver of
   dual-enrollment with CSP#2014 has not been obtained