Breast Cancer Lymphedema: Role of Insulin Resistance/FOXC2

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients enrolled in the proposed studies must be survivors of breast cancer at a time point at least 4 years following the initial surgery and radiotherapy for the disease.
* Patients must have a history of unilateral axillary lymph node dissection.
* Patients referred to, or that receive their care within the Stanford University Breast Cancer Program and the Stanford Center for Lymphatic and Venous Disorders.
* Patients will be required to have the capacity to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with other serious systemic illness (renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, congestive heart failure, neurological or psychological impairment) that would confound the study or impair the patients' ability to participate.
* Patients will not be enrolled if they are taking drugs that affect carbohydrate metabolism.
* Patients with recurrent breast cancer or other forms of pre-existing lymphedema will be ineligible.